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- <text id=89TT1967>
- <title>
- July 31, 1989: No More Tributes To Mount Fuji
- </title>
- <history>
- TIME--The Weekly Newsmagazine--1989
- July 31, 1989 Doctors And Patients
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>Time Magazine</source>
- <hdr>
- ART, Page 68
- No More Tributes to Mount Fuji
- </hdr><body>
- <p>A Japanese show explodes Western preconceptions
- </p>
- <p>By Edward M. Gomez
- </p>
- <p> For centuries, a deeply rooted appreciation of nature has
- played a central role in the spiritual and cultural life of
- Japan. Japanese artists traditionally reflected this reverence
- not in intellectual abstractions but concretely, in highly
- stylized representations of specific rivers, mountains, plants
- and animals. As in other aspects of Japanese thought and
- behavior, artists were expected to remain respectful of the past
- and concentrate on certain well-established forms and
- techniques. But during the Meiji era (1868-1912), modernism was
- introduced from the West, knocking major dents in this rigid
- system with an emphasis on innovation, individualism and the
- search for new forms. Japanese artists, emulating European easel
- painting, began to produce portraits and still lifes in oil --
- new subjects in a new medium. Later in the 20th century and
- especially after World War II, some continued to keep up with
- modernism's evolutionary twists and turns through surrealism and
- paint-splashing abstract expressionism.
- </p>
- <p> Now a valuable and timely exhibition at the San Francisco
- Museum of Modern Art demonstrates just how much further Japan's
- children of the postwar "economic miracle" have gone in
- breaking the old rules. "Against Nature: Japanese Art in the
- Eighties" affords American audiences an overdue opportunity to
- examine some 30 paintings, sculptures and mixed-media works made
- by nine artists age 40 or younger, plus one artists' collective.
- The first major U.S. museum showing of new art from Japan in
- nearly two decades, the exhibition was organized by Thomas
- Sokolowski of New York University's Grey Art Gallery and Study
- Center and Kathy Halbreich, formerly of M.I.T.'s List Visual
- Arts Center, along with Fumio Nanjo of the Institute of
- Contemporary Arts in Nagoya, Japan, and Shinji Kohmoto of the
- National Museum of Modern Art in Kyoto. It will run in San
- Francisco through Aug. 6, then travel to Akron, Boston, Seattle,
- Cincinnati, New York City and Houston through early 1991.
- </p>
- <p> The survey will probably blast many viewers' assumptions
- about what Japanese art should look like. Forget about tributes
- to Mount Fuji or poetic evocations of the changing seasons.
- These members of what one Japanese critic has called "the
- post-Hiroshima generation" have grown up in a technology-driven,
- fiercely consumerist, information-saturated urban setting far
- removed, spiritually if not physically, from Mother Nature. They
- are city dwellers accustomed at cherry-blossom time each year
- to seeing decorative artificial flowers attached to electric
- poles -- right next to real trees. Those based in Tokyo, for
- example, would be hard-pressed to find any sizable patches of
- green in the neon-drenched, congested concrete megalopolis that
- sprawls around their tiny studios. All of the featured artists'
- works, in subject matter as well as execution, not only defy
- tradition but in some cases tear it to shreds.
- </p>
- <p> "I'm an urban creature; the countryside frightens me," says
- Kyoto-born Noboru Tsubaki, whose Fresh Gasoline, 1989, a
- 9-ft.-high bulbous yellow pod, is the most startling work in the
- show. The creepy beauty and rich surface texture of Tsubaki's
- monstrous blob, with tentacle-like branches sprouting from its
- top, recall a fascination with the grotesque that characterized
- some Japanese avant-garde art of the 1950s and early '60s. Its
- inspiration: Japan's bombed-out landscape after World War II.
- Strains of this extreme aesthetic are still visible today in the
- ghoulish makeup and gestures of butoh dancers. Similarly, Shoko
- Maemoto creates souvenirs from a nightmare alley where
- fairy-tale fantasy meets a haunting eroticism. Meticulously
- executed, her work has a grisly elegance, as in Silent
- Explosion, 1988, a mannequin-less burlap hoopskirt from which
- a torrent of "blood" cascades, blazing, to the floor.
- </p>
- <p> Other artists in the show use the real world as raw
- material. Charred, rough-edged and yellowed, Shinro Ohtake's
- mixed-media assemblages and collage-filled scrapbooks seek an
- awkward beauty in combinations of found objects and unwanted
- rubbish. Such pieces as his Family Tree, 1986-88, serve as vivid
- symbols of the appropriationist free-for-all that is Japanese
- pop culture today -- a tsunami of Mickey Mouse trinkets,
- teriyaki burgers, Picasso calendars, Swatches and more. They are
- also dispassionate records of life in what Ohtake calls an
- "information supermarket," an environment in which traditional
- Japanese cultural values are up for grabs, along with everything
- else.
- </p>
- <p> This includes Western art history and aspects of Japan's
- own cultural past. Osaka native Yasumasa Morimura, for example,
- places himself as the main character in carefully staged and
- photographed "reproductions" of well-known Western paintings
- like Manet's Olympia. Tomiaki Yamamoto melds brushy abstract
- expressionism with the pattern-oriented design sensibility of
- traditional Japanese textiles. Often his splashy tableaux
- resemble spread-out kimonos. Typically, as in Untitled, 1985,
- they are covered with an obsessive, all-over rash of heavily
- impastoed, drippy dots. Far less theatrical but also keenly
- focused on subject matter and technique, sculptor Katsura
- Funakoshi creates blank-faced portraits of everyday people whose
- looks betray neither race nor nationality. Made from
- camphorwood, his torsos are as skillfully carved as the ancient
- Buddhist sculptures whose construction they recall.
- Psychologically intense, they are also a little bit spooky.
- </p>
- <p> Ultimately, even without the thematic weight imposed on
- these works by the somewhat arbitrary title "Against Nature,"
- this is very much an exhibition about Japanese artists'
- continuing tug-of-war with the forces of modernism. Its
- organizers obviously believe that, in responding to the world
- around them, today's Japanese artmakers are answering to a
- personal, not a prescribed, vision of how to depict it. Perhaps,
- in a modern world, this approach is only natural.
- </p>
-
- </body></article>
- </text>
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